..... . VALI disclosures . .....: 05/03/26, PostMarket REPORT

Thursday, March 5, 2026

05/03/26, PostMarket REPORT

The Indian benchmark indices, SENSEX and NIFTY50, continued trading in the positive territory, rebounding from three days of losses during the afternoon session on Thursday, March 5. The gains come amid a recovery in global markets and are supported by buying in index heavyweights such as Reliance Industries, Larsen and Toubro, and more.

Rupee too recovered from its lowest level and gained 48 paise to trade at 91.57 against the US dollar in early trade on Thursday, tracking positive momentum in domestic equity markets.

The SENSEX advanced as much as 564.47 points to hit an intraday high of 79,680.66. Meanwhile, the NIFTY50 touched the session's high of 24,672.80.

At 12:35 PM, the S&P BSE SENSEX jumped by 448.48 points, or 0.57%, to 79,564.67. NSE's NIFTY50 was trading at 24,638.60, marking a 158.10 points, or 0.65% increase.

The top gainers of the NIFTY50 index included Hindalco Industries (5.78%), Coal India (5.22%), Bharat Electronics (4.14%), NTPC (3.09%) and Reliance Industries (2.97%).

On the flipside, Eternal (-1.96%), HDFC Life Insurance Company (-1.44%), HCL Technologies (-1.37%), Tech Mahindra (-1.21%) and Adani Enterprises (-1.23%) were among the top losers.

Buzzing stocks on March 5: Check list

BSE

Shares of BSE Ltd rose as much as 4.13% to an intraday high of ₹2,735.5 per unit on the National Stock Exchange (NSE) on Thursday, March 5, as it received approval from the markets watchdog Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) to launch derivative contracts on the SENSEX Next 30 index.

In a regulatory filing dated March 4, the stock exchange noted that the SENSEX Next 30 index tracks the next largest and most liquid companies in the BSE 100 that are in the derivative segment and not members of the BSE SENSEX 30 index.

It further added that the exchange will offer cash-settled monthly index futures and monthly index options with expiry dates as the last Thursday of the expiry period.

Gujarat Gas

Gujarat Gas stock declined as much as 6.6% on the National Stock Exchange (NSE) to an intraday low of ₹390 per equity share, as the company informed exchanges that the availability of R-LNG has become severely constrained owing to the war in the Middle East.

Gujarat Gas, post-market hours on Wednesday, said that the company is facing a severe gas supply shortage owing to the war in the Middle East, and it has issued Force Majeure notices to its industrial customers.

Force majeure means an unforeseen event beyond someone's control that prevents them from fulfilling a contract.

Bharat Forge

Shares of Bharat Forge gained as much as 4.14% to the session's peak of ₹1,918 apiece on the NSE, after North American class 8 truck/tractor preliminary net orders for February surged 159% year-on-year (YoY) to 47,200 units.

It's the highest total order since September 2022, as per data on FTR Intelligence.

Furthermore, the company's board of directors approved fundraising up to ₹800 crore via an unsecured rupee term loan.

In a regulatory filing dated Wednesday, the Kalyani Group firm said that its Investment Committee considered and approved "availing of an unsecured rupee term loan up to an amount of ₹8,000,000,000/- (Rupees Eight Thousand Million Only) within the aforesaid overall limit approved by the Board."

Hindustan Zinc

Hindustan Zinc stock rose as much as 2.81% to ₹607.9 apiece on Thursday, after it signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with US-based Virginia Tech for advanced research on improving silver recovery across its lead-zinc (Pb-Zn) concentrators.

In an exchange filing, the company said that as part of the collaboration, focused scientific studies will be undertaken to refine flotation methods and optimise the use of reagents (specialised chemicals added during processing to help separate and concentrate metals). This, in turn, would support better concentrate quality and more efficient plant operations.

Aluminium stocks

Shares of aluminium companies, such as National Aluminium Company (NALCO), Hindalco Industries, etc, surged on March 5.

This comes after reports suggested that Qatalum, a major aluminium smelter jointly owned by Hydro and Qatar Aluminium Manufacturing Co., has started a controlled shutdown of its aluminium production after its gas supplier signalled a forthcoming halt in gas supply.

Analysts say that a controlled shutdown of the smelter at Qatalum could be positive for Indian aluminium producers, as buyers would look for alternative options to source aluminium.

Amid a controlled shutdown of the smelter, the price of aluminium in international markets surged to a fresh 52-week high on the London Metal Exchange on Wednesday. Aluminium futures on LME surged as much as 2.55% to hit a 52-week high of $3,418.50.

Omnitech Engineering

The stock of Omnitech Engineering made a weak debut on the stock exchanges on Thursday, March 5.

The stock started trading at ₹202 apiece on the National Stock Exchange (NSE), reflecting a discount of 11.01% against the issue price of ₹227 per share. On the BSE, the scrip started trading at ₹205, down 9.69% from the issue price.

A lot consisted of 66 shares. Investors who received the Omnitech Engineering IPO allotment saw their investment value drop to ₹13,332 per lot.

source:Upstox

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Trade Cycles

The four important features of Trade Cycle are (i) Recovery, (ii) Boom, (iii) Recession, and (iv) Depression!

The trades cycle or business cycle are cyclical fluctuations of an economy. A full trade cycle has got four phases: (i) Recovery, (ii) Boom, (iii) Recession, and (iv) depression. The upward phase of a trade cycle or prosperity is divided into two stages—recovery and boom, and the downward phase of a trade cycle is also divided into two stages—recession and depression.

Phases of Trade Cycle:

The phases of trade cycle are explained with a diagram:

(1) Recovery:

In the early period of recovery, entrepreneurs increase the level of investment which in turn increases employment and income. Employment increases purchasing power and this leads to an increase in demand for consumer goods.

As a result, demand for goods will press upon their supply and it shall, thereby, lead to a rise in prices. The demand for consumer’s goods shall encourage the demand for producer’s goods.

The rise in prices shall depend upon the gestation period of investment. The longer the period of investment, the higher shall be the price rise. The rise of prices shall bring about a change in the distribution of income. Rent, wages, interest do not rise in the same proportion as prices.

Consequently, the margin of profit improves. The wholesale prices rise more than retail prices. The prices of raw materials rise more than the prices of semi-finished goods and the prices of semi-finished goods use more than the prices of finished goods.

(2) Boom:

The rate of investment increases still further. Owing to the spread of a wave of optimism in business, the level of production increases and the boom gathers momentum. More investment is possible only through credit creation. During a period of boom, the economy surpasses the level of full employment and enters a stage of over full employment.

(3) Recession:

The orders for raw materials are reduced on the onset of a recession. The rate of investment in producers’ goods industries and housing construction declines. Liquidity preference rises in society and owing to a contraction of money supply, the prices falls. A wave of pessimism spreads in business and those markets which were sometime before sellers markets become buyer’s markets now.

(4) Depression:

The main feature of a depression is a general fall in economic activity. Production, employment and income decline. The prices fall and the main factor responsible for it is, a fall in the purchasing power.

The distribution of national income changes. As the costs are rigid in nature, the margin of profit declines. Machines are not used to their full capacity in factories, because effective demand is much less. The prices of finished goods fall less than the prices of raw materials.

✳Reality Tips to Traders

1)Trading in the stock market is a marathon. 2)Protecting your capital is key. (Learn to protect first) 3)Making 0 on the day is better than losing 50k 4)Losses happen; they are part of this business. 5)It’s not you vs. the market. It’s you VS you. 6)You are your biggest enemy; learn to be mentally disciplined. 7)Don’t follow the majority; follow the correct path. 8)Traders without a stop loss end up not being traders for long. 9)There is always another trade. 10)The big money is made waiting for the right set-ups. 11)Waiting for the right trade is the most powerful strategy. 12)It is better to cut a loss than to wait to be proven right. 13)Position sizing can make or break you. 14)Worry about the downside before you even think about the upside. 15)Don’t listen to headlines

..BANKING TERMINOLOGY

There are various types of Banks: PSU Banks, Private Banks, Co-operative/Regional Banks, Small Finance Banks and Foreign Banks. When you deposit money in a bank, let's say the bank gives you an interest rate of 4%. But when the bank lends out this money, they lend it out at say, 12%. The difference of 8% in the above scenario is effectively the profit of the bank! The loans that do not pay interest for 90 days are known as Non-performing Assets. Banks have to provide for such bad loans. Structure of a Bank Asset for a Bank: The asset portion of a bank's capital includes cash, government securities, and interest-earning loans (e.g., mortgages, letters of credit, and inter-bank loans). Liabilities for a Bank: The bank's main liabilities are its capital (including cash reserves and, often, subordinated debt) and deposits. The latter may be from domestic or foreign sources (corporations and firms, private individuals, other banks, and even governments). Banks are required to maintain Liquidity with the Reserve Bank of India: SLR (Statutory Liquidity Ratio): It is the money a bank needs to preserve in the form of cash, gold or government Bonds before providing credit customers. This limitation is added by RBI on banks to make funds available to customers on-demand at your earliest convenience. Banks are required to maintain SLR at 18%. CRR (Cash Reserve Ratio): Banks are required to hold a certain proportion of their deposits in the form of cash. Banks don’t hold these as cash with themselves, but deposit such amounts with RBI / currency chests. CRR rate is at 4.5% currently. Repo Rate: The rate at which the RBI lends short-term money to the banks. The RBI through its Monetary Policy committee changes the repo rate to balance growth and Inflation. Reverse Repo rate: The rate at which banks park their short-term excess liquidity with the RBI. Now let us understand various terminologies for Banks Net Interest Income (NII): This is the spread the bank makes on its lending. It is calculated as Interest Income – Interest Expended Net Interest Margin (NIM): This is the spread the bank makes on its lending. It is the earning which is left after deducting the cost paid to depositors from its yields on Loans. This is denoted in % terms. The formula is Yield on Loans – Cost of funds Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR): The capital adequacy ratio (CAR) is a measure of a bank's available capital expressed as a percentage of a bank's risk-weighted credit exposures. Essentially, it is the Capital that is available to lend. Tier I Capital – In simple words this capital is freely available with the bank to lend out. Tier II Capital- This is the capital tied up somewhere and is less freely available to lend. In case of an adverse event, the bank can use this capital to lend. Under Basel III norms, a bank’s tier 1+tier 2 capital must be a minimum of 8% of its risk-weighted holdings. The minimum capital adequacy ratio, also including the capital conservation buffer, is 10.5%. Current Account Saving Account (CASA)- There is no interest paid on the Current Account and a small interest rate is paid on a savings account. The combination of both is called CASA which shows the liabilities of the bank on which it pays relatively less interest. Deposits: Bank deposits are a savings product that customers can use to hold an amount of money at a bank for a specified length of time. In return, the financial institution will pay the customer the relevant amount of interest, based on how much they choose to deposit and for how long. Now let us come to NPA. Gross NPA (GNPA): It is the total loans on which no payment has been paid for 90 days or more. GNPA % is usually shown in each Bank’s quarterly results. The percentage is basically the GNPA amount as a % of the total advances. Slippages: Slippages denote the fresh amount of loans that have turned bad in a year. The slippage ratio of a bank is calculated as Fresh accretion of NPAs during the year /Total standard assets at the beginning of the year multiplied by 100. Provisioning Coverage Ratio (PCR): This is the ratio of provisioning to GNPA and indicates the extent of funds a bank has kept aside to cover loan losses. For Instance, a company has GNPAs of Rs 100 and they have set aside 50 Rs, then the PCR is 50%. Net NPA (NNPA): The total figure left after deducting provisions made for bad loans from GNPA. (GNPA – Provisions+upgrades/writeoffs = NNPA) Special Mention Account (SMA) SMA-0 is a category in which stress with respect to the principal and interest has remained overdue for a period of 0 to 30 days. SMA-1 is a category in which stress with respect to the principal and interest has remained overdue for a period of 30-60 days. SMA-2 is a category in which stress with respect to the principal and interest has remained overdue for a period of 60-90 days

..... . VALI disclosures . .....

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Thursday, March 5, 2026

05/03/26, PostMarket REPORT

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05/03/26, PostMarket REPORT

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